In a commentary, Clemente Flores, leader of the El Angosto Indigenous community in Argentina, expresses deep concerns over large-scale lithium mining's impact on water resources in the arid Salinas Grandes and Laguna de Guayatayoc Basin. Indigenous communities, which have managed water communally for centuries, face existential threats as mining companies extract brine for lithium, a critical mineral for renewable technologies. Flores argues that while the world seeks to combat climate change, Indigenous peoples should not be sacrificed in the process. He calls for comprehensive community development and legal recognition of land rights to protect their culture and resources. The commentary also highlights the importance of proper consultation and adherence to international laws regarding Indigenous rights, as mining activities continue to disrupt community cohesion and threaten their way of life.