Key insights
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1
Increase in Shadow Vessels: 113 Russian vessels used false flags to evade sanctions.
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2
Significant Oil Transported: These vessels transported 11 million tonnes of oil valued at $5.4 billion.
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3
Need for Regulatory Reform: Experts urge the EU and UK to reform flagging regulations.
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4
Challenges in Enforcement: Enforcement of sanctions is becoming increasingly difficult.
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