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What happened
The European Union's 27 member states have reached a pivotal agreement to target a 90% reduction in greenhouse-gas emissions by 2040, compared to 1990 levels. This decision, made on November 5, 2025, comes after prolonged negotiations aimed at securing consensus before the upcoming COP30 summit in Brazil. The agreement allows countries to count international carbon credits towards 10% of their emissions reduction goals, a compromise aimed at appeasing more skeptical member states. Despite the EU's previous success in cutting emissions by 37% since 1990, recent political shifts have raised concerns about the economic implications of aggressive climate policies. The deal also includes a commitment to reassess the 2040 target every two years, reflecting ongoing tensions between climate ambitions and economic growth. Environmental advocates have criticized the concessions made during negotiations, arguing they undermine the EU's climate objectives.
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Key insights
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1
Major emissions target set
EU aims for a 90% reduction by 2040.
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2
Concessions to skeptics
Countries can use carbon credits for 10% of reductions.
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3
Economic concerns rise
Debate over climate policies impacting economic growth.
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4
Regular reassessment planned
2040 target to be reviewed every two years.
Takeaways
The EU's agreement on emissions targets highlights the complex balance between ambitious climate goals and economic considerations, setting the stage for critical discussions at COP30.