Realist Perspective: The realist view of epistemology posits that truth and knowledge are objective and can be discovered through empirical evidence and logical reasoning. Realists believe in an independent reality that can be understood through scientific inquiry.

Pragmatist Perspective: Pragmatists, on the other hand, argue that truth is not an absolute but is instead what works in practical terms. Knowledge is seen as a tool for action, and beliefs are validated based on their utility and outcomes rather than their correspondence to an objective reality.

Implications of the Debate: The debate between realism and pragmatism has significant implications for various fields, including science, ethics, and education. It influences how we interpret data, construct arguments, and apply knowledge in real-world scenarios.

Methodological Differences: Realists emphasize rigorous testing and objective validation, while pragmatists focus on practical applications and adaptive thinking. These methodological differences can lead to varied approaches in research and problem-solving.

Philosophical Roots: The roots of these perspectives can be traced back to historical philosophical debates, with realists drawing from the works of Descartes and Kant, and pragmatists from thinkers like William James and John Dewey.