Arauco, a Chilean pulp and paper company, is constructing a new mill in Brazil's Três Lagoas biodiversity conservation area, which is critical for local ecosystems. The project spans 3,500 hectares and could lead to significant environmental issues, including contamination of rivers, depletion of groundwater, and increased wildlife roadkill. Arauco has a troubled history of pollution in Chile, with numerous violations related to water and air quality. The Brazilian government has issued permits for the project, despite its potential to transform the biodiverse Cerrado savanna into monoculture eucalyptus plantations. Experts warn that the mill's construction and associated logistics could exacerbate existing environmental challenges, including threats to endemic species and water resources.