Ali Muhammad Ali Abd-Al-Rahman, also known as Ali Kushayb, has been convicted by the International Criminal Court (ICC) for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed during the Darfur conflict from 2003 to 2004. As a leader of the Janjaweed militia, Kushayb was implicated in systematic attacks against non-Arab populations, including mass killings and sexual slavery. Survivors testified about the atrocities, with the presiding judge emphasizing Kushayb's direct involvement in orchestrating violence. The Darfur conflict, which has resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths and widespread displacement, continues to affect the region, now embroiled in a civil war involving the Rapid Support Forces, a group with roots in the Janjaweed. Despite Kushayb's conviction, many Sudanese officials remain at large, including former President Omar al-Bashir, who faces genocide charges. Kushayb's sentencing is pending.