On November 11, 2025, Israel's Knesset passed the first reading of a controversial bill that would introduce the death penalty for acts of terrorism. Proposed by far-right National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir, the bill received 39 votes in favor and 16 against. It aims to penalize individuals who kill Israelis out of racist motives, but critics argue it primarily targets Arab perpetrators while excluding Jewish extremists. The bill must pass two additional readings to become law. Human rights organizations have condemned the legislation, stating it represents systemic discrimination against Palestinians. The vote occurred amid a U.S.-brokered ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, raising concerns about ongoing violence in the region. The Palestinian Ministry of Foreign Affairs labeled the bill a violation of international law and an escalation of Israeli extremism.