The Vallarta mud turtle, the smallest turtle species globally, is facing severe threats in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. Once numbering around 1,000, their population has plummeted to approximately 300 due to illegal trafficking and habitat destruction. The illegal pet trade has seen around 200 turtles smuggled to China this year alone. Despite being classified as critically endangered, government measures to protect the species and its habitat have been slow. Urban development continues to encroach on their temporary lagoon habitats, exacerbating the situation. Conservation groups are struggling to gain traction with local authorities, who have cut environmental funding and shown little interest in protecting the turtles. Recent incidents of theft and habitat destruction highlight the urgent need for effective conservation strategies.