In a significant yet diluted agreement, European Union climate ministers have settled on a plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 90% by 2040, just ahead of the COP30 summit in Brazil. The compromise allows countries to purchase foreign carbon credits to meet up to 5% of their emission reduction targets, with an additional consideration for another 5% through international credits. This decision was made after extensive negotiations, reflecting the need to accommodate member states' concerns about industrial competitiveness. Some countries, notably Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary, opposed the ambitious targets, fearing negative impacts on their economies. The EU also agreed to reassess the 2040 goals every two years and postponed the launch of a new carbon market to 2028. Environmental groups have criticized the deal for creating loopholes that undermine the EU's climate ambitions, emphasizing the need for justice and reparations for those affected by climate change and historical injustices.