The increasing population of sea otters in Alaska has become a focal point of conflict between conservation efforts and local economic interests. Once nearly hunted to extinction, sea otters have rebounded significantly, particularly in the Gulf of Alaska, where they are now estimated to number around 70,000. While they contribute positively to marine ecosystems by maintaining kelp forests, their appetite for shellfish has led to a decline in commercially important species such as clams and crabs. This decline has serious implications for local fishermen and Native Alaskan communities who rely on these resources for their livelihoods. The situation is further complicated by historical and regulatory challenges that limit the ability of Native Alaskans to manage otter populations effectively. As climate change also plays a role in altering marine ecosystems, the debate over how to balance wildlife conservation with economic needs continues to evolve.